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Customs tariffing: correctly determining HS codes for exports
Learn how to find the right HS code for Swiss exports. Practical steps, useful tools, typical mistakes and clear examples for correct classification.
Quick answer
Determine the HS code by checking the product category, function and material composition. Use the Swiss tariff (Tares), online databases and cross‑check explanatory notes. Save your search results to support export documents.
Why the right HS code matters
The HS code defines duties, customs formalities and eligibility for trade preferences. A wrong code may cause delays, additional charges or incorrect origin claims. This is important for shipments to the EU, UK or US.
Step 1: Write a precise product description
Start with a clear description: function, main materials, manufacturing steps, intended use and a parts list. Example: “hand blender with aluminium housing, copper motor, plastic accessories” narrows classification.
Step 2: Narrow down chapters and headings
Filter by HS chapters (e.g. 84 Machinery, 85 Electrical). Use Tares for Swiss tariff codes or the WCO nomenclature. Limit choices by focusing on material or function.
Step 3: Read tariff texts and explanatory notes
Carefully read headings and notes. Tariff notes define terms and exclusions. Specific descriptions take precedence over generic ones. Pay attention to any national tariff measures.
Helpful tools and sources
Use these sources: Tares (Swiss tariff), Swiss Customs website, TARIC (EU) and WCO explanatory notes. Commercial classification tools can search by image or keyword. Keep screenshots and query results as evidence.
Common mistakes and how to avoid them
Frequent mistakes include vague descriptions, ignoring material percentages, misclassifying assemblies versus parts, and literal translations. Avoid them by keeping detailed specs, asking the manufacturer, and comparing multiple sources.
Frequently asked questions
What if multiple HS codes seem to apply to one product?
Choose the most specific code that matches the wording. Record your sources and reasoning. If unsure, request a binding tariff information (BTI) from Swiss Customs.
Does the HS code affect preferential treatment under free‑trade agreements?
Yes. HS codes determine whether a product meets the rules of origin for an agreement. Check the specific origin criteria and document manufacturing details.
Who can help with complex classifications?
Customs brokers, chambers of commerce or specialised consultants can assist. For legal certainty, apply for a binding tariff decision from Swiss Customs.
Do HS codes change when a product is modified?
Yes. Changes in materials, function or manufacturing may change classification. Review HS codes whenever products or suppliers change.